![]() TIRS-2 is designed by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.ĭata acquired by Landsat 9 is processed into the Landsat Collection 2 inventory structure in the Worldwide Reference System-2 (WRS-2) path/row system, with swath overlap (or sidelap) varying from 7 percent at the Equator to a maximum of approximately 85 percent at extreme latitudes. TIRS-2 provides an internal blackbody calibration source as well as space view capabilities. TIRS-2 provides two spectral bands with a maximum ground sampling distance, both in-track and cross track, of 100 m (328 ft) for both bands. Landsat 9’s Thermal Infrared Sensor 2 (TIRS-2) measures thermal radiance emitted from the land surface in two thermal infrared bands using the same technology that was used for TIRS on Landsat 8, however TIRS-2 is an improved version of Landsat 8’s TIRS, both with regards to instrument risk class and design to minimize stray light. Band 1 Visible Coastal Aerosol (0.43 - 0.45 µm) 30-m.OLI-2 is designed by Ball Aerospace in Boulder, Colorado. OLI-2 provides both internal calibration sources to ensure radiometric accuracy and stability, as well as the ability to perform solar and lunar calibrations. OLI-2 will provide data for nine spectral bands with a maximum ground sampling distance (GSD), both in-track and cross track, of 30-meters(m) (98 feet) for all bands except the panchromatic band, which has a 15-meter (49 feet) GSD. The OLI-2 design is a copy of Landsat 8’s OLI, and provides imagery consistent with previous Landsat spectral, spatial, radiometric and geometric qualities. In addition to the OLI-2 improvement, TIRS-2 has significantly reduced stray light compared to the Landsat 8 Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) which enables improved atmospheric correction and more accurate surface temperature measurements. In comparison, Landsat 8 provides 12-bit data and 4,096 shades, and Landsat 7 detects only 256 shades with its 8-bit resolution. ![]() With the higher radiometric resolution, Landsat 9 can differentiate 16,384 shades of a given wavelength. Landsat 9 improvements include higher radiometric resolution for OLI-2 (14-bit quantization increased from 12-bits for Landsat 8) allowing sensors to detect more subtle differences, especially over darker areas such as water or dense forests. ![]() Both OLI and TIRS have a 5-year mission design life, although the spacecraft has 10+ years of consumables. The OLI–2 captures observations of the Earth’s surface in visible, near-infrared, and shortwave-infrared bands, and TIRS-2 measures thermal infrared radiation, or heat, emitted from the Earth’s surface. The satellite carries two science instruments, the Operational Land Imager 2 (OLI-2) and the Thermal Infrared Sensor 2 (TIRS-2). The instruments onboard Landsat 9 are improved replicas of those currently collecting data onboard Landsat 8, which are already providing data that is radiometrically and geometrically superior than instruments on previous generation Landsat satellites. NASA is responsible for the space segment (instruments and spacecraft/observatory), mission integration, launch, and on-orbit checkout.Īfter NASA completes on-orbit checkout, the USGS is responsible for the ground system, flight operations, data processing, data product distribution and archiving. Northrop Grumman designed and fabricated the spacecraft and integrated the two instruments. Landsat 9 carries the Operational Land Imager 2 (OLI–2), built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corporation, Boulder, Colorado, and the Thermal Infrared Sensor 2 (TIRS–2), built at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland. ![]() Landsat 9, launched on Septemat 1:12PM CST from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, onboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V 401 rocket. ![]() Launch Vehicle: United Launch Alliance Atlas V 401.Spacecraft Bus: Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems (formerly Orbital ATK). ![]()
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